MAC Spoofing and Virtual Interfaces: Why Layer 2 Addresses Are Not Hardware Identity
How software overrides, virtual machine NICs, container bridge networks, and MAC spoofing sever the link between MAC addresses and physical identity.
Addressing & OUI Fundamentals
How MAC addressing works and what it can and cannot tell you.
ARP Tables and Switch CAM Tables: Resolving IP to MAC and Port Bindings
How switches use CAM tables for MAC learning and routers use ARP tables to bridge Layer 2 frames to Layer 3 IP packets.
MAC Address Randomisation: Why Modern Operating Systems Rotate Addresses and What It Changed
An analysis of Wi-Fi MAC address randomisation across iOS, Android, and Windows, its setting of the U/L bit, and the impact on static network management.
OUI Registry Lookup: What IEEE Vendor Assignments Prove and Where They Mislead
How the IEEE OUI registry functions, difference between MA-L/MA-M/MA-S blocks, and why vendor lookups often identify chipmakers rather than final device brands.
The Anatomy of a MAC Address: OUI, Device Identifiers, and Control Bits
A deep dive into EUI-48 bit fields, universal vs local flags, multicast bits, and standard hexadecimal notation.